Robbie Andrew, CICERO
Comparison of consumption-based emissions across countries
While most international reporting is of territorial emissions, there are other accounting methods for national emissions. Consumption-based emissions is one of these, and it attempts to represent the emissions associated with a country's economic consumption, no matter where those emissions occur in the world. For example, if someone in country X purchases a car that was manufactured in country Y, then the emissions in country Y associated with that manufacture would be re-allocated to country X, where the car was purchased.
Here I compare consumption emissions estimates from a number of different datasets. Most datasets do not cover all countries, and those that do make various assumptions due to lack of data. Your take-away message is that these estimates are highly uncertain.
Note that both Eora and EXIOBASE results include 'nowcasting' results (projections).
Data sources are:
Afghanistan Production-based CO2 emissions
Afghanistan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Afghanistan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Albania Production-based CO2 emissions
Albania Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Albania Net CO2 emissions in trade
Algeria Production-based CO2 emissions
Algeria Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Algeria Net CO2 emissions in trade
Andorra Production-based CO2 emissions
Andorra Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Andorra Net CO2 emissions in trade
Angola Production-based CO2 emissions
Angola Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Angola Net CO2 emissions in trade
Argentina Production-based CO2 emissions
Argentina Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Argentina Net CO2 emissions in trade
Armenia Production-based CO2 emissions
Armenia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Armenia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Aruba Production-based CO2 emissions
Aruba Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Aruba Net CO2 emissions in trade
Australia Production-based CO2 emissions
Australia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Australia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Austria Production-based CO2 emissions
Austria Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Austria Net CO2 emissions in trade
Azerbaijan Production-based CO2 emissions
Azerbaijan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Azerbaijan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bahamas Production-based CO2 emissions
Bahamas Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bahamas Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bahrain Production-based CO2 emissions
Bahrain Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bahrain Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bangladesh Production-based CO2 emissions
Bangladesh Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bangladesh Net CO2 emissions in trade
Barbados Production-based CO2 emissions
Barbados Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Barbados Net CO2 emissions in trade
Belarus Production-based CO2 emissions
Belarus Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Belarus Net CO2 emissions in trade
Belgium Production-based CO2 emissions
Belgium Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Belgium Net CO2 emissions in trade
Belize Production-based CO2 emissions
Belize Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Belize Net CO2 emissions in trade
Benin Production-based CO2 emissions
Benin Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Benin Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bermuda Production-based CO2 emissions
Bermuda Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bermuda Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bhutan Production-based CO2 emissions
Bhutan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bhutan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bosnia and Herzegovina Production-based CO2 emissions
Bosnia and Herzegovina Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bosnia and Herzegovina Net CO2 emissions in trade
Botswana Production-based CO2 emissions
Botswana Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Botswana Net CO2 emissions in trade
Brazil Production-based CO2 emissions
Brazil Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Brazil Net CO2 emissions in trade
British Virgin Islands Production-based CO2 emissions
British Virgin Islands Consumption-based CO2 emissions
British Virgin Islands Net CO2 emissions in trade
Brunei Darussalam Production-based CO2 emissions
Brunei Darussalam Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Brunei Darussalam Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bulgaria Production-based CO2 emissions
Bulgaria Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bulgaria Net CO2 emissions in trade
Burkina Faso Production-based CO2 emissions
Burkina Faso Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Burkina Faso Net CO2 emissions in trade
Burundi Production-based CO2 emissions
Burundi Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Burundi Net CO2 emissions in trade
Cambodia Production-based CO2 emissions
Cambodia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Cambodia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Canada Production-based CO2 emissions
Canada Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Canada Net CO2 emissions in trade
Cape Verde Production-based CO2 emissions
Cape Verde Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Cape Verde Net CO2 emissions in trade
Cayman Islands Production-based CO2 emissions
Cayman Islands Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Cayman Islands Net CO2 emissions in trade
Central African Republic Production-based CO2 emissions
Central African Republic Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Central African Republic Net CO2 emissions in trade
Chad Production-based CO2 emissions
Chad Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Chad Net CO2 emissions in trade
Chile Production-based CO2 emissions
Chile Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Chile Net CO2 emissions in trade
China Production-based CO2 emissions
China Consumption-based CO2 emissions
China Net CO2 emissions in trade
Colombia Production-based CO2 emissions
Colombia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Colombia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Congo Production-based CO2 emissions
Congo Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Congo Net CO2 emissions in trade
Costa Rica Production-based CO2 emissions
Costa Rica Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Costa Rica Net CO2 emissions in trade
Côte d'Ivoire Production-based CO2 emissions
Côte d'Ivoire Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Côte d'Ivoire Net CO2 emissions in trade
Croatia Production-based CO2 emissions
Croatia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Croatia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Cuba Production-based CO2 emissions
Cuba Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Cuba Net CO2 emissions in trade
Cyprus Production-based CO2 emissions
Cyprus Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Cyprus Net CO2 emissions in trade
Czechia Production-based CO2 emissions
Czechia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Czechia Net CO2 emissions in trade
North Korea Production-based CO2 emissions
North Korea Consumption-based CO2 emissions
North Korea Net CO2 emissions in trade
Denmark Production-based CO2 emissions
Denmark Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Denmark Net CO2 emissions in trade
Djibouti Production-based CO2 emissions
Djibouti Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Djibouti Net CO2 emissions in trade
Dominican Republic Production-based CO2 emissions
Dominican Republic Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Dominican Republic Net CO2 emissions in trade
Ecuador Production-based CO2 emissions
Ecuador Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Ecuador Net CO2 emissions in trade
Egypt Production-based CO2 emissions
Egypt Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Egypt Net CO2 emissions in trade
El Salvador Production-based CO2 emissions
El Salvador Consumption-based CO2 emissions
El Salvador Net CO2 emissions in trade
Eritrea Production-based CO2 emissions
Eritrea Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Eritrea Net CO2 emissions in trade
Estonia Production-based CO2 emissions
Estonia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Estonia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Ethiopia Production-based CO2 emissions
Ethiopia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Ethiopia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Fiji Production-based CO2 emissions
Fiji Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Fiji Net CO2 emissions in trade
Finland Production-based CO2 emissions
Finland Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Finland Net CO2 emissions in trade
Yemen Production-based CO2 emissions
Yemen Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Yemen Net CO2 emissions in trade
France Production-based CO2 emissions
France Consumption-based CO2 emissions
France Net CO2 emissions in trade
French Polynesia Production-based CO2 emissions
French Polynesia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
French Polynesia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Gabon Production-based CO2 emissions
Gabon Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Gabon Net CO2 emissions in trade
Gambia Production-based CO2 emissions
Gambia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Gambia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Georgia Production-based CO2 emissions
Georgia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Georgia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Germany Production-based CO2 emissions
Germany Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Germany Net CO2 emissions in trade
Ghana Production-based CO2 emissions
Ghana Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Ghana Net CO2 emissions in trade
Greece Production-based CO2 emissions
Greece Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Greece Net CO2 emissions in trade
Greenland Production-based CO2 emissions
Greenland Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Greenland Net CO2 emissions in trade
Guatemala Production-based CO2 emissions
Guatemala Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Guatemala Net CO2 emissions in trade
Guinea Production-based CO2 emissions
Guinea Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Guinea Net CO2 emissions in trade
Guyana Production-based CO2 emissions
Guyana Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Guyana Net CO2 emissions in trade
Haiti Production-based CO2 emissions
Haiti Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Haiti Net CO2 emissions in trade
Honduras Production-based CO2 emissions
Honduras Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Honduras Net CO2 emissions in trade
Hong Kong Production-based CO2 emissions
Hong Kong Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Hong Kong Net CO2 emissions in trade
Hungary Production-based CO2 emissions
Hungary Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Hungary Net CO2 emissions in trade
Iceland Production-based CO2 emissions
Iceland Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Iceland Net CO2 emissions in trade
India Production-based CO2 emissions
India Consumption-based CO2 emissions
India Net CO2 emissions in trade
Indonesia Production-based CO2 emissions
Indonesia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Indonesia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Iraq Production-based CO2 emissions
Iraq Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Iraq Net CO2 emissions in trade
Ireland Production-based CO2 emissions
Ireland Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Ireland Net CO2 emissions in trade
Iran Production-based CO2 emissions
Iran Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Iran Net CO2 emissions in trade
Israel Production-based CO2 emissions
Israel Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Israel Net CO2 emissions in trade
Italy Production-based CO2 emissions
Italy Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Italy Net CO2 emissions in trade
Jamaica Production-based CO2 emissions
Jamaica Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Jamaica Net CO2 emissions in trade
Japan Production-based CO2 emissions
Japan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Japan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Jordan Production-based CO2 emissions
Jordan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Jordan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Kazakhstan Production-based CO2 emissions
Kazakhstan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Kazakhstan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Kenya Production-based CO2 emissions
Kenya Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Kenya Net CO2 emissions in trade
Kuwait Production-based CO2 emissions
Kuwait Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Kuwait Net CO2 emissions in trade
Kyrgyzstan Production-based CO2 emissions
Kyrgyzstan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Kyrgyzstan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Laos Production-based CO2 emissions
Laos Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Laos Net CO2 emissions in trade
Latvia Production-based CO2 emissions
Latvia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Latvia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Lebanon Production-based CO2 emissions
Lebanon Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Lebanon Net CO2 emissions in trade
Lesotho Production-based CO2 emissions
Lesotho Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Lesotho Net CO2 emissions in trade
Liberia Production-based CO2 emissions
Liberia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Liberia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Libya Production-based CO2 emissions
Libya Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Libya Net CO2 emissions in trade
Liechtenstein Production-based CO2 emissions
Liechtenstein Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Liechtenstein Net CO2 emissions in trade
Lithuania Production-based CO2 emissions
Lithuania Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Lithuania Net CO2 emissions in trade
Luxembourg Production-based CO2 emissions
Luxembourg Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Luxembourg Net CO2 emissions in trade
TFYR Macedonia Production-based CO2 emissions
TFYR Macedonia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
TFYR Macedonia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Madagascar Production-based CO2 emissions
Madagascar Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Madagascar Net CO2 emissions in trade
Malawi Production-based CO2 emissions
Malawi Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Malawi Net CO2 emissions in trade
Malaysia Production-based CO2 emissions
Malaysia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Malaysia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Maldives Production-based CO2 emissions
Maldives Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Maldives Net CO2 emissions in trade
Mali Production-based CO2 emissions
Mali Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Mali Net CO2 emissions in trade
Malta Production-based CO2 emissions
Malta Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Malta Net CO2 emissions in trade
Mauritania Production-based CO2 emissions
Mauritania Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Mauritania Net CO2 emissions in trade
Mauritius Production-based CO2 emissions
Mauritius Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Mauritius Net CO2 emissions in trade
Mexico Production-based CO2 emissions
Mexico Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Mexico Net CO2 emissions in trade
Mongolia Production-based CO2 emissions
Mongolia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Mongolia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Montenegro Production-based CO2 emissions
Montenegro Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Montenegro Net CO2 emissions in trade
Morocco Production-based CO2 emissions
Morocco Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Morocco Net CO2 emissions in trade
Mozambique Production-based CO2 emissions
Mozambique Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Mozambique Net CO2 emissions in trade
Myanmar Production-based CO2 emissions
Myanmar Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Myanmar Net CO2 emissions in trade
Namibia Production-based CO2 emissions
Namibia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Namibia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Nepal Production-based CO2 emissions
Nepal Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Nepal Net CO2 emissions in trade
Netherlands Antilles Production-based CO2 emissions
Netherlands Antilles Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Netherlands Antilles Net CO2 emissions in trade
Netherlands Production-based CO2 emissions
Netherlands Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Netherlands Net CO2 emissions in trade
New Caledonia Production-based CO2 emissions
New Caledonia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
New Caledonia Net CO2 emissions in trade
New Zealand Production-based CO2 emissions
New Zealand Consumption-based CO2 emissions
New Zealand Net CO2 emissions in trade
Nicaragua Production-based CO2 emissions
Nicaragua Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Nicaragua Net CO2 emissions in trade
Niger Production-based CO2 emissions
Niger Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Niger Net CO2 emissions in trade
Nigeria Production-based CO2 emissions
Nigeria Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Nigeria Net CO2 emissions in trade
Norway Production-based CO2 emissions
Norway Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Norway Net CO2 emissions in trade
Oman Production-based CO2 emissions
Oman Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Oman Net CO2 emissions in trade
Pakistan Production-based CO2 emissions
Pakistan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Pakistan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Panama Production-based CO2 emissions
Panama Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Panama Net CO2 emissions in trade
Papua New Guinea Production-based CO2 emissions
Papua New Guinea Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Papua New Guinea Net CO2 emissions in trade
Paraguay Production-based CO2 emissions
Paraguay Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Paraguay Net CO2 emissions in trade
Peru Production-based CO2 emissions
Peru Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Peru Net CO2 emissions in trade
Philippines Production-based CO2 emissions
Philippines Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Philippines Net CO2 emissions in trade
Bolivia Production-based CO2 emissions
Bolivia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Bolivia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Poland Production-based CO2 emissions
Poland Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Poland Net CO2 emissions in trade
Portugal Production-based CO2 emissions
Portugal Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Portugal Net CO2 emissions in trade
Qatar Production-based CO2 emissions
Qatar Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Qatar Net CO2 emissions in trade
Cameroon Production-based CO2 emissions
Cameroon Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Cameroon Net CO2 emissions in trade
South Korea Production-based CO2 emissions
South Korea Consumption-based CO2 emissions
South Korea Net CO2 emissions in trade
Moldova Production-based CO2 emissions
Moldova Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Moldova Net CO2 emissions in trade
South Sudan Production-based CO2 emissions
South Sudan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
South Sudan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Sudan Production-based CO2 emissions
Sudan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Sudan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Romania Production-based CO2 emissions
Romania Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Romania Net CO2 emissions in trade
Russia Production-based CO2 emissions
Russia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Russia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Rwanda Production-based CO2 emissions
Rwanda Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Rwanda Net CO2 emissions in trade
Samoa Production-based CO2 emissions
Samoa Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Samoa Net CO2 emissions in trade
Sao Tome and Principe Production-based CO2 emissions
Sao Tome and Principe Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Sao Tome and Principe Net CO2 emissions in trade
Saudi Arabia Production-based CO2 emissions
Saudi Arabia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Saudi Arabia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Senegal Production-based CO2 emissions
Senegal Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Senegal Net CO2 emissions in trade
Serbia Production-based CO2 emissions
Serbia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Serbia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Seychelles Production-based CO2 emissions
Seychelles Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Seychelles Net CO2 emissions in trade
Sierra Leone Production-based CO2 emissions
Sierra Leone Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Sierra Leone Net CO2 emissions in trade
Singapore Production-based CO2 emissions
Singapore Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Singapore Net CO2 emissions in trade
Slovakia Production-based CO2 emissions
Slovakia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Slovakia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Slovenia Production-based CO2 emissions
Slovenia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Slovenia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Somalia Production-based CO2 emissions
Somalia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Somalia Net CO2 emissions in trade
South Africa Production-based CO2 emissions
South Africa Consumption-based CO2 emissions
South Africa Net CO2 emissions in trade
Spain Production-based CO2 emissions
Spain Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Spain Net CO2 emissions in trade
Sri Lanka Production-based CO2 emissions
Sri Lanka Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Sri Lanka Net CO2 emissions in trade
Sudan Production-based CO2 emissions
Sudan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Sudan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Suriname Production-based CO2 emissions
Suriname Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Suriname Net CO2 emissions in trade
Eswatini Production-based CO2 emissions
Eswatini Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Eswatini Net CO2 emissions in trade
Sweden Production-based CO2 emissions
Sweden Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Sweden Net CO2 emissions in trade
Switzerland Production-based CO2 emissions
Switzerland Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Switzerland Net CO2 emissions in trade
Syrian Arab Republic Production-based CO2 emissions
Syrian Arab Republic Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Syrian Arab Republic Net CO2 emissions in trade
Taiwan Production-based CO2 emissions
Taiwan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Taiwan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Tajikistan Production-based CO2 emissions
Tajikistan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Tajikistan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Thailand Production-based CO2 emissions
Thailand Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Thailand Net CO2 emissions in trade
Togo Production-based CO2 emissions
Togo Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Togo Net CO2 emissions in trade
Trinidad and Tobago Production-based CO2 emissions
Trinidad and Tobago Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Trinidad and Tobago Net CO2 emissions in trade
Tunisia Production-based CO2 emissions
Tunisia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Tunisia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Turkey Production-based CO2 emissions
Turkey Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Turkey Net CO2 emissions in trade
Turkmenistan Production-based CO2 emissions
Turkmenistan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Turkmenistan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Uganda Production-based CO2 emissions
Uganda Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Uganda Net CO2 emissions in trade
Ukraine Production-based CO2 emissions
Ukraine Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Ukraine Net CO2 emissions in trade
United Arab Emirates Production-based CO2 emissions
United Arab Emirates Consumption-based CO2 emissions
United Arab Emirates Net CO2 emissions in trade
United Kingdom Production-based CO2 emissions
United Kingdom Consumption-based CO2 emissions
United Kingdom Net CO2 emissions in trade
Tanzania Production-based CO2 emissions
Tanzania Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Tanzania Net CO2 emissions in trade
United States of America Production-based CO2 emissions
United States of America Consumption-based CO2 emissions
United States of America Net CO2 emissions in trade
Uruguay Production-based CO2 emissions
Uruguay Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Uruguay Net CO2 emissions in trade
USSR Production-based CO2 emissions
USSR Consumption-based CO2 emissions
USSR Net CO2 emissions in trade
Uzbekistan Production-based CO2 emissions
Uzbekistan Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Uzbekistan Net CO2 emissions in trade
Vanuatu Production-based CO2 emissions
Vanuatu Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Vanuatu Net CO2 emissions in trade
Venezuela Production-based CO2 emissions
Venezuela Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Venezuela Net CO2 emissions in trade
Viet Nam Production-based CO2 emissions
Viet Nam Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Viet Nam Net CO2 emissions in trade
Yemen Production-based CO2 emissions
Yemen Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Yemen Net CO2 emissions in trade
Zambia Production-based CO2 emissions
Zambia Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Zambia Net CO2 emissions in trade
Zimbabwe Production-based CO2 emissions
Zimbabwe Consumption-based CO2 emissions
Zimbabwe Net CO2 emissions in trade
